{"product_id":"holarrhena-antidysenterica-kutaja-bark","title":"Holarrhena antidysenterica (Kutaja) Bark","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePlant Profile\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eKutaja, or Holarrhena antidysenterica, is a small to medium-sized deciduous tree. It belongs to the Apocynaceae family and grows 9 to 13 meters tall. The tree is characterized by its greyish-brown, rough, and longitudinally fissured stem bark. Its leaves are simple, opposite, and broadly ovate to elliptic, typically measuring 10–20 cm in length. The plant has fragrant white flowers in terminal corymbose cymes. It is followed by fruit in the form of paired, slender, cylindrical follicles. These follicles hold numerous light-brown, linear seeds known as Indrayava. The bark is the most valued part for medicine. It is thin and tastes bitter. It possesses a \"\"buff\"\" to rust-brown inner surface. This surface is used extensively in Ayurvedic formulations for gastrointestinal ailments. Holarrhena antidysenterica mainly grows in the Indian Subcontinent. It is also found in many tropical and subtropical areas of Asia. In India, it grows widely across the country. It grows in deciduous forests, open wastelands, and the sub-Himalayan region. You can see it at altitudes up to 1,300 meters. It is especially common in the mountains and dry forests of states like Uttar Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Odisha, and Andhra Pradesh.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHealthcare Perspective\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIn traditional healthcare systems, the bark of Kutaja (Holarrhena antidysenterica) is highly regarded for its multifaceted therapeutic potential. In Ayurveda, this herb is a top Grahi (absorbent) and Stambhana (astringent). It mainly helps with gastrointestinal issues like Atisara (diarrhea) and Pravahika (dysentery). It is believed to balance the Kapha and Pitta doshas. In Siddha and other ethnobotanical practices, the bark is used as decoctions or powders. It helps with many issues, like malarial fevers, skin diseases, internal parasites, and bleeding piles. Modern studies confirm traditional uses by highlighting steroidal alkaloids like conessine. These compounds are known for their antimicrobial effects and ability to regulate gut motility. Additionally, they lack the common side effects of synthetic emetics.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePhytochemical Composition\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eKutaja (Holarrhena antidysenterica) has a strong chemical profile. It contains steroidal alkaloids, making up about 1.5% to 4.2% of the dry weight of the stem bark. The most prominent and clinically significant alkaloid is conessine. It serves as the primary marker for the plant’s therapeutic efficacy in managing intestinal disorders. Other major alkaloids isolated from the bark include isoconessine, kurchine, conessidine, holarrhimine, and conimine. The bark has more than just alkaloids. It also contains various non-alkaloidal compounds. These include tannins, which make it astringent. Triterpenoids include lupeol and betulinic acid. There are also flavonoids, saponins, and phenolic acids. Additionally, a unique digitenol glycoside known as holadysone has been identified. Various resins and gums that collectively support the plant's biological activity.\"\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrecautions\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eDo not use if you have abdominal pain or diarrhea. Consult a healthcare professional before use if you are pregnant, nursing, or taking any medications. Discontinue use if diarrhea or loose stools occur. Do not exceed the recommended dose. Not intended for long-term use.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"cultivators-b2b-new","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":46730507714729,"sku":null,"price":0.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0725\/7161\/7449\/files\/1_58e200ca-6eee-4513-8af4-0c8369c4daf1.jpg?v=1770785994","url":"https:\/\/cultivatornatural.com\/ja\/products\/holarrhena-antidysenterica-kutaja-bark","provider":"cultivators-b2b-new","version":"1.0","type":"link"}